Retraction Policy

The journal is committed to maintaining the highest standards of scientific integrity and editorial ethics. Retraction of a published paper is carried out in cases where it is determined that the published content contains serious errors or violations of ethical principles that significantly affect the credibility of the paper or the integrity of scientific communication.

Reasons for Retraction

A manuscript or published paper may be retracted if it is determined that:

  • it contains unreliable data due to intentional scientific misconduct (e.g., fabrication, falsification, or manipulation of data) or unintentional error;

  • it is a case of plagiarism or duplicate publication of the same content;

  • there is unauthorized use of others’ results, data, or illustrations;

  • the paper violates copyright or research ethics standards (e.g., unauthorized use of sensitive data, undisclosed conflicts of interest);

  • the conclusions contradict the evidence in a way that significantly undermines the scientific validity of the paper.

Retraction Procedure

The retraction process is initiated by the journal's editorial board on the basis of:

  • a report by authors, readers, reviewers, institutions, or other relevant sources,

  • its own editorial review or investigation.

The editorial board will conduct an internal assessment and, if necessary, consult an ethics committee or the author’s relevant institution.

If the request is found to be justified, the editorial board will:

  • publish an official retraction notice in the next issue of the journal and on the website,

  • mark the original article with the label “Retracted”,

  • retain the original work in the archive with a clearly visible retraction notice in order to preserve transparency of the scientific record.

The retraction notice must include:

  • full bibliographic information of the retracted paper,

  • a clear reason for the retraction,

  • the date and signature of the responsible editor.

Corrections and Amendments

If the issue involves a minor error that does not affect the scientific credibility of the paper, a correction (corrigendum) or an addendum may be published instead of a retraction, with a clear explanation of the changes and the reasons for them.

Principles of Conduct

The retraction procedure is carried out in accordance with COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) guidelines, respecting the principles of transparency, impartiality, and protection of the integrity of the scientific community.